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CFD & Thermal SimulationSector: Steel

Computational Fluid Dynamics for Slag Splashing in Electric Arc Furnaces

Numerical simulation of multi-phase supersonic oxygen lance jets and slag coating dynamics to double refractory lining campaign life in modern steel mini-mills.

Dr. Aris Thorne
Principal CFD Scientist
July 28, 2026
9 min read
Computational Fluid Dynamics for Slag Splashing in Electric Arc Furnaces

Slag splashing in electric arc furnaces (EAF) and basic oxygen furnaces (BOF) utilizes high-pressure nitrogen jets to blow molten slag against refractory wall linings, forming a protective sacrificial layer.

1. Multi-Phase Supersonic CFD Simulation

MacProtec modeled supersonic nitrogen gas jets interacting with high-temperature molten slag:

  • Predicting slag droplet ejection trajectories, velocity vectors, and wall impingement angles.
  • Calculating slag solidifying rates as a function of MgO saturation and furnace wall thermal boundary conditions.

2. Furnace Campaign Extension Results

  • Achieved uniform slag coating thickness of 25-40mm across high-wear furnace knuckle zones.
  • Doubled refractory campaign duration, significantly decreasing specific gunning mix consumption.
Dr. Aris Thorne
Principal CFD Scientist
MACPROTEC Engineering Consulting • Houston, TX
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